There is no cure for asthma, but by controlling it, you can have a normal healthy life
There are 2 types of asthma medications:
Quick-relief\rescue medications: (SABA)
Fast-acting -> relieve asthma sx w\in 5-20 mins
Used whenever needed based on symptoms
If used > 2days\wk -> inform the doctor to adjust controller medications
S\E: increased heartbeat, tremor, headache
Drug used: albuterol (Ventolin)
Controller medications: (ICS\LABA)
Work slowly over wks or mos -> reduce inflammation + prevent asthma sx from occurring
Don’t provide quick relief
Should be taken daily, even when you’re not having sx
S\E: hoarseness, mouth infection (oral candidiasis\thrush), easy bruising, wt gain
To prevent S\E -> rinse your mouth after using the inhaler
Drugs used: Budesonide (ICS), Salmetarol (LABA)
How to use inhalers?
Check expiration date
Shake (3-4 times)
Remove the cap
Breath out all the way
Hold inhaler 4 cm\width of 2 fingers in front of mouth
Press down on the inhaler once to release 1 puff of medication
Breath in slowly and deeply
Hold in your breath for 10 secs\as long as comfortable and breath out fully
If you need a second dose -> wait 1-2 mins, then repeat the process
Rinse mouth afterwards to reduce S\E if ICS
W\ spacer:
“W\out using a spacer, most of the medication hits back of the throat and doesn’t go down the lungs. A spacer chamber makes it easier for the medication to reach the lungs + less medication gets deposited in mouth and throat preventing S\E”
Check expiration date
Shake (3-4 times)
Remove the cap
Attach inhaler to spacer
Breath out all the way
Bring the mouthpiece and place it between your teeth
Close your mouth around the mouthpiece and form a good seal
Press down on the inhaler once to release 1 puff of medication
Breath in slowly and deeply
Hold in your breath for 10 secs\as long as comfortable and breath out fully
If you need a second dose -> wait 1-2 mins, then repeat the process
Rinse mouth afterwards to reduce S\E if ICS
Demonstrate it yourself then ask the pt to do it and observe
Looking after a spacer:
Wash every month and before first use w\ warm water and soap
Leave to drip dry (don’t towel dry)
Replace spacer every 6-12 mo
What to do in an asthma attack?
Take 2-6 puffs of rescue inhaler w\ 5 min interval
If persists or signs of respiratory distress (turning blue, nasal flaring) -> go to the ER!
